Tuesday, June 22, 2010

Ostinato packet generater

If your looking for GUI based packet generator then Ostinato is one of the best option.
Just have a look at this video explains Ostinato how to ....




For further details click here

Monday, June 21, 2010

Old Hindi songs


Tuesday, June 15, 2010

Installation of bugzilla on centos 5.1

Take backup from server(For bugzilla ugrading) :
In server take mysql backup
mysqldump -u user_name -p user_passwd bugs > bugs_backup.spl
`bugs_backup.spl` file contains all bugzilla bugs backup.

Mysql Configuration:
yum install mysql mysql-devel mysql-server

chech mysql is running or not. if not runing /etc/init.d/mysqld start

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u admin_user password 'admin_password'
mysql -u root_user -p root_passwd
mysql>CREATE USER 'bugs'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'bugzilla_db_passwd';
mysql>create database bugs;
mysql> show databases;
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO bugs@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "bugzilla_db_passwd";
mysql>quit

Now bugs database i created and a dbuser created with name 'bugs' for bugzilla access.
---------------------------------
Bugzilla Installation:
mkdir /bugs

download bugzilla latest version (here i used bugzilla 3.2 version)
mv bugzilla-3.2.tar.gz /bugs

yum install gd-devel
yum install ImageMagick-perl ImageMagick-devel

perl -MCPAN -e 'install "Bundle::Bugzilla"' (Follow bellow steps. if any options is not mentioned for inputs just press enter)

Are you ready for manual configuration? [yes] yes
CPAN build and cache directory? [/home/phaneendra.gb/.cpan] /bugs
(1) Africa
(2) Asia
(3) Australasia
(4) Central America
(5) Europe
(6) North America
(7) Oceania
(8) South America
Select your continent (or several nearby continents) [] 4
(1) ftp://mirrors.ucr.ac.cr/CPAN/
Select as many URLs as you like (by number),
put them on one line, separated by blanks, e.g. '1 4 5' [] 1

perl ./checksetup.pl --check-modules (install all required modules)

Enter a username to be validated: root_user
Enter this user's password: root_password


perl ./checksetup.pl --check-modules (run 2 or 3 times check all modules installed)
perl ./checksetup.pl

Bugzilla Configutration:
in vi /bugs/bugzilla-3.2/localconfig check for following fields
----------------------------------------
$create_htaccess = 1;
$webservergroup = 'user_group';
$db_driver = 'mysql';
$db_host = 'localhost';
$db_name = 'bugs';
$db_user = 'bugs';
$db_pass = 'bugzilla_db_passwd';
(other thing leave as it is)
----------------------------------------

perl ./checksetup.pl
Enter the e-mail address of the administrator:bug_admin@oc.com
Enter the real name of the administrator: bug_admin
Enter a password for the administrator account: bug_passwd
Please retype the password to verify: bug_passwd

added mysql user to user_group
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf (at the end add the following lines)
-----------------------------------------
Alias /bugs /bugs/ui/bugzilla-3.2

AuthType Basic
AuthName "bugzilla Repository"
AuthPAM_Enabled on
Require group ocusers
Require valid-user
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
Options +Indexes +ExecCGI
DirectoryIndex index.cgi
AllowOverride Limit

-----------------------------------------

Thursday, June 3, 2010

network packets headers

Ethernet packet header

IP header

TCP header

UDP header
802.11 wifi Header

VLAN header


VxLan Header








youtube downloader

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Ricardo Garcia Gonzalez
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
# copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
# to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
# the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
# and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
# Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
# THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
# OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
# ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#
# Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright
# holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the
# sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written
# authorization.
#
import getpass
import httplib
import math
import netrc
import optparse
import os
import re
import socket
import string
import sys
import time
import urllib2

# Global constants
const_1k = 1024
const_initial_block_size = 10 * const_1k
const_epsilon = 0.0001
const_timeout = 120

const_video_url_str = 'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s'
const_video_url_re = re.compile(r'^((?:http://)?(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:v/|(?:watch(?:\.php)?)?\?(?:.+&)?v=))?([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)(?(1)[&/].*)?$')
const_login_url_str = 'http://www.youtube.com/login?next=/watch%%3Fv%%3D%s'
const_login_post_str = 'current_form=loginForm&next=%%2Fwatch%%3Fv%%3D%s&username=%s&password=%s&action_login=Log+In'
const_age_url_str = 'http://www.youtube.com/verify_age?next_url=/watch%%3Fv%%3D%s'
const_age_post_str = 'next_url=%%2Fwatch%%3Fv%%3D%s&action_confirm=Confirm'
const_url_t_param_re = re.compile(r', "t": "([^"]+)"')
const_video_url_real_str = 'http://www.youtube.com/get_video?video_id=%s&t=%s'
const_video_title_re = re.compile(r'<title>YouTube - ([^<]*)</title>', re.M | re.I)

# Print error message, followed by standard advice information, and then exit
def error_advice_exit(error_text):
    sys.stderr.write('Error: %s.\n' % error_text)
    sys.stderr.write('Try again several times. It may be a temporary problem.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('Other typical problems:\n\n')
    sys.stderr.write('* Video no longer exists.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('* Video requires age confirmation but you did not provide an account.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('* You provided the account data, but it is not valid.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('* The connection was cut suddenly for some reason.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('* YouTube changed their system, and the program no longer works.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('\nTry to confirm you are able to view the video using a web browser.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('Use the same video URL and account information, if needed, with this program.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('When using a proxy, make sure http_proxy has http://host:port format.\n')
    sys.stderr.write('Try again several times and contact me if the problem persists.\n')
    sys.exit('\n')

# Wrapper to create custom requests with typical headers
def request_create(url, data=None):
    retval = urllib2.Request(url)
    if data is not None:
        retval.add_data(data)
    # Try to mimic Firefox, at least a little bit
    retval.add_header('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.11) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11')
    retval.add_header('Accept-Charset', 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7')
    retval.add_header('Accept', 'text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5')
    retval.add_header('Accept-Language', 'en-us,en;q=0.5')
    return retval

# Perform a request, process headers and return response
def perform_request(url, data=None):
    request = request_create(url, data)
    response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
    return response

# Conditional print
def cond_print(str):
    global cmdl_opts
    if not (cmdl_opts.quiet or cmdl_opts.get_url):
        sys.stdout.write(str)
        sys.stdout.flush()

# Title string normalization
def title_string_norm(title):
    title = ''.join((x in string.ascii_letters or x in string.digits) and x or ' ' for x in title)
    title = '_'.join(title.split())
    title = title.lower()
    return title

# Generic download step
def download_step(return_data_flag, step_title, step_error, url, post_data=None):
    try:
        cond_print('%s... ' % step_title)
        data = perform_request(url, post_data).read()
        cond_print('done.\n')
        if return_data_flag:
            return data
        return None

    except (urllib2.URLError, ValueError, httplib.HTTPException, TypeError, socket.error):
        cond_print('failed.\n')
        error_advice_exit(step_error)

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        sys.exit('\n')

# Generic extract step
def extract_step(step_title, step_error, regexp, data):
    try:
        cond_print('%s... ' % step_title)
        match = regexp.search(data)
        
        if match is None:
            cond_print('failed.\n')
            error_advice_exit(step_error)
        
        extracted_data = match.group(1)
        cond_print('done.\n')
        return extracted_data
    
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        sys.exit('\n')

# Calculate new block size based on previous block size
def new_block_size(before, after, bytes):
    new_min = max(bytes / 2.0, 1.0)
    new_max = max(bytes * 2.0, 1.0)
    dif = after - before
    if dif < const_epsilon:
        return int(new_max)
    rate = bytes / dif
    if rate > new_max:
        return int(new_max)
    if rate < new_min:
        return int(new_min)
    return int(rate)

# Get optimum 1k exponent to represent a number of bytes
def optimum_k_exp(num_bytes):
    global const_1k
    if num_bytes == 0:
        return 0
    return long(math.log(num_bytes, const_1k))

# Get optimum representation of number of bytes
def format_bytes(num_bytes):
    global const_1k
    try:
        exp = optimum_k_exp(num_bytes)
        suffix = 'bkMGTPEZY'[exp]
        if exp == 0:
            return '%s%s' % (num_bytes, suffix)
        converted = float(num_bytes) / float(const_1k**exp)
        return '%.2f%s' % (converted, suffix)
    except IndexError:
        sys.exit('Error: internal error formatting number of bytes.')

# Calculate ETA and return it in string format as MM:SS
def calc_eta(start, now, total, current):
    dif = now - start
    if current == 0 or dif < const_epsilon:
        return '--:--'
    rate = float(current) / dif
    eta = long((total - current) / rate)
    (eta_mins, eta_secs) = divmod(eta, 60)
    if eta_mins > 99:
        return '--:--'
    return '%02d:%02d' % (eta_mins, eta_secs)

# Calculate speed and return it in string format
def calc_speed(start, now, bytes):
    dif = now - start
    if bytes == 0 or dif < const_epsilon:
        return 'N/A b'
    return format_bytes(float(bytes) / dif)


# Title string minimal transformation
def title_string_touch(title):
    return title.replace(os.sep, '%')

# Create the command line options parser and parse command line
cmdl_usage = 'usage: %prog [options] video_url'
cmdl_version = '2008.01.24'
cmdl_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage=cmdl_usage, version=cmdl_version, conflict_handler='resolve')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-h', '--help', action='help', help='print this help text and exit')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-v', '--version', action='version', help='print program version and exit')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-u', '--username', dest='username', metavar='USERNAME', help='account username')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-p', '--password', dest='password', metavar='PASSWORD', help='account password')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-o', '--output', dest='outfile', metavar='FILE', help='output video file name')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-q', '--quiet', action='store_true', dest='quiet', help='activates quiet mode')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-s', '--simulate', action='store_true', dest='simulate', help='do not download video')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-t', '--title', action='store_true', dest='use_title', help='use title in file name')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-l', '--literal', action='store_true', dest='use_literal', help='use literal title in file name')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-n', '--netrc', action='store_true', dest='use_netrc', help='use .netrc authentication data')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-g', '--get-url', action='store_true', dest='get_url', help='print final video URL only')
cmdl_parser.add_option('-2', '--title-too', action='store_true', dest='get_title', help='used with -g, print title too')
(cmdl_opts, cmdl_args) = cmdl_parser.parse_args()

# Set socket timeout
socket.setdefaulttimeout(const_timeout)

# Get video URL
if len(cmdl_args) != 1:
    cmdl_parser.print_help()
    sys.exit('\n')
video_url_cmdl = cmdl_args[0]

# Verify video URL format and convert to "standard" format
video_url_mo = const_video_url_re.match(video_url_cmdl)
if video_url_mo is None:
    sys.exit('Error: URL does not seem to be a youtube video URL. If it is, report a bug.')
video_url_id = video_url_mo.group(2)
video_url = const_video_url_str % video_url_id

# Check conflicting options
if cmdl_opts.outfile is not None and (cmdl_opts.simulate or cmdl_opts.get_url):
    sys.stderr.write('Warning: video file name given but will not be used.\n')

if cmdl_opts.outfile is not None and (cmdl_opts.use_title or cmdl_opts.use_literal):
    sys.exit('Error: using the video title conflicts with using a given file name.')

if cmdl_opts.use_title and cmdl_opts.use_literal:
    sys.exit('Error: cannot use title and literal title at the same time.')

if cmdl_opts.quiet and cmdl_opts.get_url:
    sys.exit('Error: cannot be quiet and print final URL at the same time.')

# Incorrect option formatting
if cmdl_opts.username is None and cmdl_opts.password is not None:
    sys.exit('Error: password give but username is missing.')

if cmdl_opts.use_netrc and (cmdl_opts.username is not None or cmdl_opts.password is not None):
    sys.exit('Error: cannot use netrc and username/password at the same time.')

if cmdl_opts.get_url is None and cmdl_opts.get_title is not None:
    sys.exit('Error: getting title requires getting URL.')

# Get account information if any
account_username = None
account_password = None

if cmdl_opts.use_netrc:
    try:
        info = netrc.netrc().authenticators('youtube')
        if info is None:
            sys.exit('Error: no authenticators for machine youtube.')
        account_username = info[0]
        account_password = info[2]
    except IOError:
        sys.exit('Error: unable to read .netrc file.')
    except netrc.NetrcParseError:
        sys.exit('Error: unable to parse .netrc file.')
else:
    account_username = cmdl_opts.username
    if account_username is not None:
        if cmdl_opts.password is None:
            account_password = getpass.getpass('Type YouTube password and press return: ')
        else:
            account_password = cmdl_opts.password

# Get output file name
if cmdl_opts.outfile is None:
    video_filename = '%s.flv' % video_url_id
else:
    video_filename = cmdl_opts.outfile

# Install cookie and proxy handlers
urllib2.install_opener(urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.ProxyHandler()))
urllib2.install_opener(urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor()))

# Log in and confirm age if needed
if account_username is not None:
    url = const_login_url_str % video_url_id
    post = const_login_post_str % (video_url_id, account_username, account_password)
    download_step(False, 'Logging in', 'unable to log in', url, post)

    url = const_age_url_str % video_url_id
    post = const_age_post_str % video_url_id
    download_step(False, 'Confirming age', 'unable to confirm age', url, post)

# Retrieve video webpage
video_webpage = download_step(True, 'Retrieving video webpage', 'unable to retrieve video webpage', video_url)

# Extract video title if needed
if cmdl_opts.use_title or cmdl_opts.use_literal or cmdl_opts.get_title:
    video_title = extract_step('Extracting video title', 'unable to extract video title', const_video_title_re, video_webpage)

# Extract needed video URL parameters
video_url_t_param = extract_step('Extracting URL "t" parameter', 'unable to extract URL "t" parameter', const_url_t_param_re, video_webpage)
video_url_real = const_video_url_real_str % (video_url_id, video_url_t_param)

# Rebuild filename if needed
if cmdl_opts.use_title or cmdl_opts.use_literal:
    if cmdl_opts.use_title:
        prefix = title_string_norm(video_title)
    else:
        prefix = title_string_touch(video_title)
    video_filename = '%s-%s.flv' % (prefix, video_url_id)

# Check name
if not video_filename.lower().endswith('.flv'):
    sys.stderr.write('Warning: video file name does not end in .flv\n')

# Retrieve video data
try:
    cond_print('Requesting video file... ')
    video_data = perform_request(video_url_real)
    cond_print('done.\n')
    cond_print('Video data found at %s\n' % video_data.geturl())

    if cmdl_opts.get_title:
        print video_title

    if cmdl_opts.get_url:
        print video_data.geturl()

    if cmdl_opts.simulate or cmdl_opts.get_url:
        sys.exit()

    try:
        video_file = open(video_filename, 'wb')
    except (IOError, OSError):
        sys.exit('Error: unable to open "%s" for writing.' % video_filename)
    try:
        video_len = long(video_data.info()['Content-length'])
        video_len_str = format_bytes(video_len)
    except KeyError:
        video_len = None
        video_len_str = 'N/A'

    byte_counter = 0
    block_size = const_initial_block_size
    start_time = time.time()
    while True:
        if video_len is not None:
            percent = float(byte_counter) / float(video_len) * 100.0
            percent_str = '%.1f' % percent
            eta_str = calc_eta(start_time, time.time(), video_len, byte_counter)
        else:
            percent_str = '---.-'
            eta_str = '--:--'
        counter = format_bytes(byte_counter)
        speed_str = calc_speed(start_time, time.time(), byte_counter)
        cond_print('\rRetrieving video data: %5s%% (%8s of %s) at %8s/s ETA %s ' % (percent_str, counter, video_len_str, speed_str, eta_str))

        before = time.time()
        video_block = video_data.read(block_size)
        after = time.time()
        dl_bytes = len(video_block)
        if dl_bytes == 0:
            break
        byte_counter += dl_bytes
        video_file.write(video_block)
        block_size = new_block_size(before, after, dl_bytes)

    if video_len is not None and byte_counter != video_len:
        error_advice_exit('server did not send the expected amount of data')

    video_file.close()
    cond_print('done.\n')
    cond_print('Video data saved to %s\n' % video_filename)

except (urllib2.URLError, ValueError, httplib.HTTPException, TypeError, socket.error):
    cond_print('failed.\n')
    error_advice_exit('unable to download video data')

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    sys.exit('\n')

# Finish
sys.exit()

Socket programing

Source

Linux Perf and Tuning Guidelines from IBM

Source